碲单晶
碲单晶 52Te127.60
说明:大量的碲是银白色,具有金属外观。但通常得到的是灰色粉末。它是一种半金属。碲可在空气或者氧气中燃烧。不溶于水或盐酸,但溶于硝酸。被用于合金可改善加工性能,还可用于电子和催化剂。
碲单晶性能参数
状态: |
单晶 |
|
晶体结构: |
Hexagonal |
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生产方法: |
Czochralski |
|
标准尺寸: |
diameter 10mm thickness 1-2mm |
|
晶向: |
(0001), (1100) and (11-20) |
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晶向精度: |
<2°, <1°, <0.5° or <0.25° |
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纯度: |
as cut, one or two sides polished |
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表面粗糙度: |
<0.03μm |
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典型分析: |
99.999% |
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典型分析(ppm): |
Ag < 0.010 Al < 0.030 B < 0.010 Bi < 0.005 Co < 0.005 Cr < 0.005 Cu < 0.015 Fe < 0.030 In < 0.010 Mg < 0.010 |
Mn < 0.005 Na < 0.050 Ni < 0.010 Pb < 0.015 S < 0.030 Si < 0.050 Sn < 0.020 Ti < 0.005 Tl < 0.005 Zn < 0.030 Te balance |
其他性能参数
晶体结构: |
(cell dimensions/pm), space group hexagonal (a=445.65, c=592.68), P3121 or P3221 High pressure forms: (a=420.8, c=1203.6), R3m; (a=460.3, c=382.2), R3m |
X射线衍射质量吸收系数: |
CuKa 282 (μ/r) / cm2g-1 MoKa 35.0 (μ/r) / cm2g-1 |
中子散射距离: |
0.580 b/10-12 cm |
热中子捕获横截面: |
4.7 sa / barns |
密度: |
6.24 g/cm3 |
熔点: |
449.55 °C / 722.7 °K |
沸点: |
989.85 °C / 1263.0 °K |
摩尔体积: |
20.45 cm3 |
导热系数: |
2.35 [300 K] Wm-1K-1 |
热膨胀线系数: |
16.75 x 10-6 K-1 |
电阻系数: |
4.36x10-3 [298 K] Wm |
聚磁敏感性: |
-3.9 x 10-9(s) kg-1m3 |
杨氏模量: |
47.1 GPa |
刚性模量: |
16.7 GPa |
体积模量: |
n.a. GPa |
泊松比: |
0.16 - 0.3 GPa |
半径: |
Te3+ 56; Te4+ 97; Te2- 211; atomic 143; covalent 137; van der Waals 220 |
负电性: |
2.1 (Pauling); 2.01 (Allred); 5.49 eV (absolute) |
有效核电荷: |
6.95 (Slater); 10.81 (Clementi); 13.51 (Froese-Fischer) |
同位素: |
39 |
同位素质量范围: |
108 -> 137 |
生物资料
生物类别: |
none |
毒性 |
|
毒性摄取量: |
Elemental tellurium has low toxicity but unpleasant side effects, producing extremely unpleasant breath and body odour. |
致命摄取量: |
2 g of sodium tellurite has proved fatal to a human. LD50 (Te metal, oral, rat)= 83 mg kg-1 |
危险性: |
Tellurium compounds are toxic by ingestion and intravenous routes. They are also considered to be experimental tetratogens. |
人体等级 |
|
血液: |
0.0055 mg dm-3 |
骨骼: |
n.a. |
肝脏: |
0.014 p.p.m. |
肌肉: |
0.017 p.p.m. |
每日食物摄取量: |
c. 0.6 mg |
70kg成人平均总元素含量: |
c. 0.7 mg |
地质资料
矿物: |
Many minerals are known, and aluminium is present in many other minerals |
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矿物化学式 |
公式 |
密度 |
硬度 |
晶体外观 |
Sylvanite |
AgAuTe4 |
8.16 |
1.5 - 2 |
mon., met. grey |
Tellurite |
TeO2 |
5.90 |
2 |
orth., sub-adamantine white |
主要矿石: |
none mined as such. Tellurium is obtained from the anode slime of copper refining. |
世界产量: |
215 tonnes/year |
主要矿区: |
Sylvanite in Australia, USA and Romania |
储量: |
n.a. |
样品: |
available as granules, ingots, pieces or powder. DANGER ! |
总含量 |
|
太阳: |
n.a. |
地壳: |
c. 0.005 p.p.m. |
海水: |
|
大西洋表面: |
1.6 x 10-7 p.p.m. |
大西洋深处: |
1.9 x 10-7 p.p.m. |
太平洋表面: |
1.9 x 10-7 p.p.m. |
太平洋深处: |
1.7 x 10-7 p.p.m. |
停留时间: |
n.a. |
类别: |
scavenged |
氧化态: |
IV and VI; mainly VI |